Pubmed: forensic psychiatry
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012 May 7. [Epub ahead of print]
The Antisocial Brain: Psychopathy Matters: A Structural MRI Investigation of Antisocial Male Violent Offenders.
Source
Hodgins, and Blackwood), Clinical Neuroscience (Dr ffytche), Neuroimaging (Drs Simmons and Howard), and Psychology (Dr Kumari), Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, and The North London Forensic Service (Dr Blackwood), London, England; and Département de Psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada (Dr Hodgins).Abstract
CONTEXT:
The population of men who display persistent antisocial and violent behavior is heterogeneous. Callous-unemotional traits in childhood and psychopathic traits in adulthood characterize a distinct subgroup.OBJECTIVE:
To identify structural gray matter (GM) differences between persistent violent offenders who meet criteria for antisocial personality disorder and the syndrome of psychopathy (ASPD+P) and those meeting criteria only for ASPD (ASPD-P).DESIGN:
Cross-sectional case-control structural magnetic resonance imaging study.SETTING:
Inner-city probation services and neuroimaging research unit in London, England.PARTICIPANTS:
Sixty-six men, including 17 violent offenders with ASPD+P, 27 violent offenders with ASPD-P, and 22 healthy nonoffenders participated in the study. Forensic clinicians assessed participants using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Gray matter volumes as assessed by structural magnetic resonance imaging and volumetric voxel-based morphometry analyses.RESULTS:
Offenders with ASPD+P displayed significantly reduced GM volumes bilaterally in the anterior rostral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 10) and temporal poles (Brodmann area 20/38) relative to offenders with ASPD-P and nonoffenders. These reductions were not attributable to substance use disorders. Offenders with ASPD-P exhibited GM volumes similar to the nonoffenders.CONCLUSIONS:
Reduced GM volume within areas implicated in empathic processing, moral reasoning, and processing of prosocial emotions such as guilt and embarrassment may contribute to the profound abnormalities of social behavior observed in psychopathy. Evidence of robust structural brain differences between persistently violent men with and without psychopathy adds to the evidence that psychopathy represents a distinct phenotype. This knowledge may facilitate research into the etiology of persistent violent behavior.- PMID:
- 22566562
- [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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J Forensic Sci. 2012 May 4. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02188.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Juvenile and Adult Offenders Arrested for Sexual Homicide: An Analysis of Victim-Offender Relationship and Weapon Used by Race*
Source
Department of Criminology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue SOC 107, Tampa, FL. Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR. Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI. Forensic Psychiatry Program, Rhode Island Hospital, Coro Center West, Suite 2.030, One Hoppin Street, Providence, RI.Abstract
Limited information is available on racial offending patterns of sexual homicide offenders (SHOs). This study used a 30-year U.S. Supplementary Homicide Reports sample of SHOs arrested in single-victim situations (N = 3745). The analysis strength was used to determine whether the findings yielded meaningful patterns for offender profiling. Several important findings emerged for the juvenile offenders. Juvenile White SHOs were likely to target victims with whom they shared a mutual relationship. In contrast, Black juveniles were equally likely to murder strangers and those with whom they had prior and familial relationships. Notably, no juvenile Black SHOs were arrested for murdering intimate partners. Juvenile White SHOs were twice as likely to use edged weapons as their Black counterparts. Black juveniles, conversely, were more likely than White juveniles to use personal weapons. Beyond these findings, known victim-offender relationships and weapon used may not have significant utility for investigators in identifying the SHO race, even after controlling for offender age. Limitations and future directions are discussed.© 2012 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.
- PMID:
- 22563946
- [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Related citations in PubMed
- An empirical analysis of 30 years of U.S. juvenile and adult sexual homicide offender data: race and age differences in the victim-offender relationship.[J Forensic Sci. 2010]An empirical analysis of 30 years of U.S. juvenile and adult sexual homicide offender data: race and age differences in the victim-offender relationship.
Chan HC, Myers WC, Heide KM. J Forensic Sci. 2010 Sep; 55(5):1282-90. Epub 2010 Jun 25.
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- Juvenile homosexual homicide.[Behav Sci Law. 2012]
Behav Sci Law. 2012 Mar;30(2):90-102. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2000. Epub 2012 Mar 23.
Juvenile homosexual homicide.
Source
Department of Criminology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA. wmyers@lifespan.org.Abstract
Limited information exists on juvenile homosexual homicide (JHH), that is, youths who perpetrate sexual homicides against same-sex victims. Only a handful of cases from the United States and internationally have been described in the literature. This study, the first of its kind, examines the epidemiology, victimology, victim-offender relationship, and weapon-use patterns in JHH offenders using a large U.S. database on homicide spanning three decades. The data for this study were derived from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHRs) for the years 1976 through 2005. A total of 93 cases of JHH were identified. On average, three of these crimes occurred annually in the U.S., and there was a marked decline in its incidence over the study period. Ninety-five percent were male offender-male victim cases and 5% were female offender-female victim cases. JHH offenders were over-represented amongst all juvenile sexual murderers, similar to their adult counterparts. The majority of these boys were aged 16 or 17 and killed adult victims. They were significantly more likely to kill adult victims than other age groups, to be friends or acquaintances of the victims, and to use contact/edged weapons or firearms. Most offenders killed same-race victims, although Black offenders were significantly more likely than White offenders to kill interracially. A case report is provided to illustrate JHH. Further research is needed to promote our understanding of the pathogenesis, etiology, and associated risk factors for this aberrant form of murder by children. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- PMID:
- 22447462
- [PubMed - in process]
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- Male and female juveniles arrested for murder: a comprehensive analysis of u.s. Data by offender gender.[Int J Offender Ther Comp Crimi...]
- Review Juvenile sex offenders: a complex population.[J Forensic Sci. 2006]
- Review What we do not know about juvenile sexual reoffense risk.[Child Maltreat. 2002]
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[School shooting in statu nascendi].
via pubmed: forensic psychiatry by Knecht T on 5/9/12
Arch Kriminol. 2012 Jan-Feb;229(1-2):1-10
Authors: Knecht T
Abstract
In the last few years, amok-like killings and especially so-called "school shootings" have received a great deal of public attention both in the Old and the New world. Meanwhile, criminal psychological research has gained a thorough insight into this dangerous development in young people. Thus, the possibility to assess the concrete threat of such a multiple killing before it is carried out has been considerably improved, as many prognostic criteria have been worked out in the meantime. The case report presented shows that it is possible to exercise a favourable influence on this critical negative trend.
PMID: 22448465 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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