Sunday, July 22, 2012

Psychiatry and Philosophy - Sources - Last Update: 5:41 PM 7/22/2012

Psychiatry and Philosophy - Sources


Last Update: 5:41 PM 7/22/2012





  • Philosophy of Psychiatry - Stanford
  • General Psychopathology, Volume 2 - By Karl Jaspers, J. Hoenig, Marian W. Hamilton


  • psychiatry and philosophy

    psychiatry and philosophy of science

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    Psychiatry and Philosophy

     

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    "Psychiatry and Philosophy" bundle created by Mike Nova


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    International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry



    International Perspectives in Philosophy & Psychiatry
    About this Series Series Editors

    International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry is an international book series focusing on the emerging interdisciplinary field at the interface of philosophy and psychiatry.

    Volumes in the series will continue the broad theme of 'nature' (for causes/explanations) and 'narrative' (for meanings/understandings), building links between the sciences and humanities in psychiatry, but focusing on more narrowly defined topics.

    How to contribute to the series:

    The series editors welcome suggestions for new books in the series. Contact any of them with a draft preface, a content listing with descriptions of chapter coverage, a definition of specific target readership groups, notes on related or competing publications, and CVs of the editor(s)/author(s).
    Showing 1 - 40 of 40 results
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    Philosophical and Related Perspectives
    Abraham Rudnick
    978-0-19-969131-9
    Paperback
    September 2012 (estimated)
    £44.99
    Philosophical Issues in Psychiatry II
    Nosology
    Kenneth S. Kendler, Josef Parnas
    978-0-19-964220-5
    Paperback
    19 April 2012
    £39.99
    Autonomy and Mental Disorder
    Lubomira Radoilska
    978-0-19-959542-6
    Paperback
    19 April 2012
    £39.99
    Discursive Perspectives in Therapeutic Practice
    Andy Lock, Tom Strong
    978-0-19-959275-3
    Paperback
    05 April 2012
    £39.95
    Portrait of the Psychiatrist as a Young Man
    The Early Writing and Work of R.D. Laing, 1927-1960.
    Allan Beveridge
    978-0-19-958357-7
    Paperback
    25 August 2011
    £39.99
    The Sublime Object of Psychiatry
    Schizophrenia in Clinical and Cultural Theory
    Angela Woods
    978-0-19-958395-9
    Paperback
    25 August 2011
    £34.99
    Maladapting Minds
    Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Evolutionary Theory
    Pieter R. Adriaens, Andreas De Block
    978-0-19-955866-7
    Paperback
    10 March 2011
    £37.99
    Thinking Through Dementia
    Julian C. Hughes
    978-0-19-957066-9
    Paperback
    17 February 2011
    £37.99
    Responsibility and psychopathy
    Interfacing law, psychiatry and philosophy
    Luca Malatesti, John McMillan
    978-0-19-955163-7
    Paperback
    19 August 2010
    £39.99
    Unconscious Knowing and Other Essays in Psycho-Philosophical Analysis
    Linda Brakel
    978-0-19-958147-4
    Paperback
    17 June 2010
    £39.99
    Free will and responsibility
    A guide for practitioners
    John S. Callender
    978-0-19-954555-1
    Paperback
    29 April 2010
    £39.99
    The Virtuous Psychiatrist
    Character Ethics in Psychiatric Practice
    Jennifer Radden, John Sadler
    978-0-19-538937-1
    Hardback
    28 January 2010
    £32.50
    Delusions and Other Irrational Beliefs
    Lisa Bortolotti
    978-0-19-920616-2
    Paperback
    12 November 2009
    £39.99
    Mapping the Edges and the In-between
    A critical analysis of Borderline Personality Disorder
    Nancy Nyquist Potter
    978-0-19-853021-3
    Paperback
    25 June 2009
    £39.99
    Psychiatry as Cognitive Neuroscience
    Philosophical perspectives
    Matthew Broome, Lisa Bortolotti
    978-0-19-923803-3
    Paperback
    14 May 2009
    £42.00
    The Mind and its Discontents
    Second Edition
    Grant Gillett
    978-0-19-923754-8
    Paperback
    30 April 2009
    £39.99
    Philosophy, Psychoanalysis and the A-rational Mind
    Linda A W Brakel
    978-0-19-955125-5
    Paperback
    12 February 2009
    £39.99
    Philosophical Perspectives on Technology and Psychiatry
    James Phillips
    978-0-19-920742-8
    Paperback
    23 October 2008
    £39.99
    Schizophrenia and the Fate of the Self
    Paul Lysaker, John Lysaker
    978-0-19-921576-8
    Paperback
    14 August 2008
    £42.00
    Feelings of Being
    Phenomenology, psychiatry and the sense of reality
    Matthew Ratcliffe
    978-0-19-920646-9
    Paperback
    26 June 2008
    £42.00
    Talking Cures and Placebo Effects
    David A. Jopling
    978-0-19-923950-4
    Paperback
    29 May 2008
    £39.99
    Empirical Ethics in Psychiatry
    Guy Widdershoven, John McMillan...
    978-0-19-929736-8
    Paperback
    14 February 2008
    £40.00
    What is Mental Disorder?
    An essay in philosophy, science, and values
    Derek Bolton
    978-0-19-856592-5
    Paperback
    07 February 2008
    £37.00
    Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry
    Tim Thornton
    978-0-19-922871-3
    Paperback
    06 September 2007
    £24.99
    Rationality and Compulsion
    Applying action theory to psychiatry
    Lennart Nordenfelt
    978-0-19-921485-3
    Paperback
    26 April 2007
    £39.99
    The Philosophy of Psychiatry
    A Companion
    Jennifer Radden
    978-0-19-531327-7
    Paperback
    18 January 2007
    £27.50
    Body-Subjects and Disordered Minds
    Treating the whole person in psychiatry
    Eric Matthews
    978-0-19-856644-1
    Paperback
    04 January 2007
    £42.00
    Body-Subjects and Disordered Minds
    Treating the 'whole' person in psychiatry
    Eric Matthews
    978-0-19-856643-4
    Hardback
    04 January 2007
    £110.00
    Reconceiving Schizophrenia
    Man Cheung Chung, Bill Fulford...
    978-0-19-852613-1
    Paperback
    23 November 2006
    £42.00
    Trauma, Truth and Reconciliation
    Healing damaged relationships
    Nancy Potter
    978-0-19-856942-8
    Hardback
    24 August 2006
    £100.00
    Trauma, Truth and Reconciliation
    Healing damaged relationships
    Nancy Potter
    978-0-19-856943-5
    Paperback
    24 August 2006
    £42.00
    Oxford Textbook of Philosophy and Psychiatry
    Bill Fulford, Tim Thornton...
    978-0-19-852695-7
    Paperback
    13 July 2006
    £90.00
    Postpsychiatry
    Mental health in a postmodern world
    Patrick Bracken, Philip Thomas
    978-0-19-852609-4
    Paperback
    22 December 2005
    £42.00
    The Metaphor of Mental Illness
    Neil Pickering
    978-0-19-853088-6
    Paperback
    08 December 2005
    £42.00
    Dementia
    Mind, Meaning, and the Person
    Julian Hughes, Stephen Louw...
    978-0-19-856615-1
    Paperback
    08 December 2005
    £42.00
    Dementia
    Mind, Meaning, and the Person
    Julian Hughes, Stephen Louw...
    978-0-19-856614-4
    Hardback
    08 December 2005
    £100.00
    Values and Psychiatric Diagnosis
    John Z. Sadler
    978-0-19-852637-7
    Paperback
    28 October 2004
    £47.00
    Disembodied Spirits and Deanimated Bodies
    The psychopathology of common sense
    Giovanni Stanghellini
    978-0-19-852089-4
    Paperback
    09 September 2004
    £42.00
    Mind, Meaning and Mental Disorder
    The nature of causal explanation in psychology and psychiatry
    Second Edition
    Derek Bolton, Jonathan Hill
    978-0-19-851560-9
    Paperback
    25 March 2004
    £42.00
    Nature and Narrative
    An Introduction to the New Philosophy of Psychiatry
    Bill Fulford, Katherine Morris...
    978-0-19-852611-7
    Paperback
    15 May 2003
    £42.00
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    __________________________


    Commentary

    How new is the new philosophy of psychiatry?

    Damiaan Denys
    Department of Psychiatry, AMC, University of Amsterdam, PA.2-179, PO Box 75867, 1070 AW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2007, 2:22 doi:10.1186/1747-5341-2-22

    The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.peh-med.com/content/2/1/22

    Received:8 October 2007
    Accepted:20 October 2007
    Published:20 October 2007

    © 2007 Denys; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    Abstract

    In their recent paper, Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton evaluate seven volumes of the Oxford University Press series “International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry,” an international book series begun in 2003 focusing on the emerging interdisciplinary field at the interface of philosophy and psychiatry. According to Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton, the series represents a clear indication that the interdisciplinary field of philosophy of psychiatry has been flourishing lately. Philosophers and psychiatrists face a “new philosophy of psychiatry”. However, the optimism which the “new” philosophy of psychiatry celebrates is precisely the exiling of philosophy from the foundations of psychiatry. The 150 year old belief that psychopathology cannot do without philosophical reflection has virtually disappeared from common psychiatric education and daily clinical practice. Though the discipline of psychiatry is particularly suited to contributions from philosophy, the impact of philosophy on psychiatry nowadays remains limited. With some exceptions, philosophical papers are embedded in a philosophical context inscrutable to ordinary psychiatrists. Much current philosophical work is perceived by psychiatrists as negativistic. I would encourage the field of psychiatry to incorporate once again basic philosophical attitudes which render possible true dialogue with philosophy and enrich both disciplines. The views developed here should not discredit the value and importance of Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton’s paper and the excellent series “International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry.” As Jaspers said “Everybody inclined to disregard philosophy will be overwhelmed by philosophy in an unperceived way”.

    __________________________________

    Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine

    Aims & scope
    Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine considers articles on the philosophy of medicine and biology, and on ethical aspects of clinical practice and research.

    Editor-in-Chief

    • James Giordano, Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität & University of New Mexico

    Founding Editors

    • Michael Schwartz, University of Hawaii
    • Dan Stein, University of Cape Town

    Review
    Open Access

    The six most essential questions in psychiatric diagnosis: a pluralogue part 3: issues of utility and alternative approaches in psychiatric diagnosis

    Phillips J, Frances A, Cerullo MA, Chardavoyne J, Decker HS, First MB, Ghaemi N, Greenberg G et al.Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2012, 7:9 (23 May 2012)





  • Review
    Open AccessHighly Accessed

    The six most essential questions in psychiatric diagnosis: A pluralogue part 2: Issues of conservatism and pragmatism in psychiatric diagnosis

    Phillips J, Frances A, Cerullo MA, Chardavoyne J, Decker HS, First MB, Ghaemi N, Greenberg G et al.Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2012, 7:8 (18 April 2012)
  • Research
    Open Access

    Forms of benefit sharing in global health research undertaken in resource poor settings: a qualitative study of stakeholders' views in Kenya

    Lairumbi GM, Parker M, Fitzpatrick R and English MCPhilosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2012, 7:7 (17 January 2012)
  • Research
    Open Access

    Recognition rights, mental health consumers and reconstructive cultural semantics

    Radden JHPhilosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2012, 7:6 (13 January 2012)
  • Research
    Open Access

    Psychopharmacological enhancement: a conceptual framework

    Stein DJPhilosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2012, 7:5 (13 January 2012)
  • Research
    Open Access

    The removal of pluto from the class of planets and homosexuality from the class of psychiatric disorders: a comparison

    Zachar P and Kendler KSPhilosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2012, 7:4 (13 January 2012)
  • Review
    Open AccessHighly Accessed

    The six most essential questions in psychiatric diagnosis: a pluralogue part 1: conceptual and definitional issues in psychiatric diagnosis

    Phillips J, Frances A, Cerullo MA, Chardavoyne J, Decker HS, First MB, Ghaemi N, Greenberg G et al.Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2012, 7:3 (13 January 2012)
  • View more articles 


  • New Psichiatry Journal


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    Psychiatry and Philosophy - Continuous Topic Update:

    *Psychiatry* in the *Scientific* Image - The MIT Press

    In Psychiatry in the Scientific Image, Dominic Murphy looks at psychiatry from the viewpoint of analytic philosophy of science, considering three issues: how we should conceive of, classify, and explain mental illness. If someone is said to have ...


    March 2012
    6 x 9, 424 pp.
    3 illus.
    $20.00/£13.95 (PAPER)
    Short

    ISBN-10:
    0-262-51744-2
    ISBN-13:
    978-0-262-51744-7
    Other Editions
    Cloth (2006)
    Series
    Philosophical Psychopathology
    Related Links



    Psychiatry in the Scientific Image
    Dominic Murphy


    Dominic Murphy

    Dominic Murphy is Senior Lecturer in the Unit for History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney.


    Prefaceix
    1.Introduction1
    2.The Concept of Mental Disorder19
    3.Psychiatry and Folk Psychology47
    4.The Medical Model and the Foundations of Psychiatric Explanation107
    5.The Limits of Mechanistic Explanation in Psychiatry151
    6.A More or Less Realist Theory of Validation as Causal Explanation201
    7.Social Construction and Sociological Causation255
    8.Evolutionary Explanations of Psychopathology281
    9.Classification307
    10.Classification in Psychiatry343
    Bibliography373
    Index407



    Psychiatry in the Scientific Image
    Dominic Murphy

    In Psychiatry in the Scientific Image, Dominic Murphy looks at psychiatry from the viewpoint of analytic philosophy of science, considering three issues: how we should conceive of, classify, and explain mental illness. If someone is said to have a mental illness, what about it is mental? What makes it an illness? How might we explain and classify it? A system of psychiatric classification settles these questions by distinguishing the mental illnesses and showing how they stand in relation to one another. This book explores the philosophical issues raised by the project of explaining and classifying mental illness.

    Murphy argues that the current literature on mental illness--exemplified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders--is an impediment to research; it lacks a coherent concept of the mental and a satisfactory account of disorder, and yields too much authority to commonsense thought about the mind. He argues that the explanation of mental illness should meet the standards of good explanatory practice in the cognitive neurosciences, and that the classification of mental disorders should group symptoms into conditions based on the causal structure of the normal mind.

    About the Author

    Dominic Murphy is Senior Lecturer in the Unit for History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney.
    Endorsements
    “A welcome introduction to topics at the interface of philosophy and psychiatry, including provocative arguments for a causal classification of psychiatric disorders.”
    Kenneth F. Schaffner, University Professor of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh
    “Using the tools of modern philosophy of science, Murphy takes on several of the most fundamental issues now confronting psychiatry—arguing, in particular, that it should avoid the seductive position that true explanation lies only in reductive models. He also suggests that the descriptive and atheoretical approach to psychiatric diagnosis taken by DSM-III and its successors is ultimately counterproductive and must yield to a system based on etiology. This is a deeply challenging work deserving of a wide readership.”
    Kenneth S. Kendler, Rachel Brown Banks Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics
    “Providing a much-needed benchmark in the philosophy of psychiatric science, Murphy has systematically addressed the confluence of classification, empirical research, and theoretical explanation. The writing is straight up but the argument is full of intriguing twists and turns! I expect this book to be of substantial interest to clinicians looking for the big picture of psychiatry, as well as philosophers seeking novel domains in the analytical philosophy of science.”
    John Z. Sadler, Professor of Psychiatry and Director of the Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas




    See Other Titles In:

    ________________________________


    Series - Philosophical Psychopathology
    Topic Areas
    > Cognition, Brain, & Behavior
    - Neuroscience
    > Neuroscience
    - Neuropsychology

    This series is aimed at publishing interdisciplinary work which is broadly concerned with psychopathology and which has significance for conceptual, methodological, scientific, ethical, and social issues related to contemporary mental health practices, as well as significance for more traditional philosophical debates, such as the nature of mind, rationality, agency, and responsibility. Thematic goals for the series include:
    • Broadening the intellectual community engaged in the investigation of mental illness and mental health
    • Engaging important controversies in an interdisciplinary context
    • Presenting developments in basic science relevant to psychopathology and psychiatric practice
    • Providing innovative models for psychopathology grounded in basic science
    • Engaging issues concerning psychopathology, including cross cultural ones, with social and philosophical significance

    Publications 1 - 14 of 14

    Psychiatry in the Scientific ImagePsychiatry in the Scientific Image
    Dominic Murphy
    An analysis of the understanding, classification, and explanation of mental disorders that proposes that psychiatry adopt the best practices of the cognitive sciences.
    Paper / March 2012
    Price $20.00 | ADD TO CART
    Addiction and ResponsibilityAddiction and Responsibility
    Edited by Jeffrey Poland and George Graham
    The intertwining of addiction and responsibility in personal, philosophical, legal, research, and clinical contexts.
    Cloth / June 2011
    Price $40.00 | ADD TO CART
    The Ethical Treatment of DepressionThe Ethical Treatment of Depression
    Autonomy Through Psychotherapy
    Paul Biegler
    A philosopher argues there is an ethical imperative to provide psychotherapy to depressed patients because the insights gained from it promote autonomy.
    Cloth / April 2011
    Price $35.00 | ADD TO CART
    Brain FictionBrain Fiction
    Self-Deception and the Riddle of Confabulation
    William Hirstein
    The phenomenon of confabulation—the tendency to construct plausible-sounding but false answers and believe that they are true—and what it can tell us about the human mind and human nature.
    Paper / September 2006
    Price $21.00 | ADD TO CART
    Imagination and the Meaningful BrainImagination and the Meaningful Brain
    Arnold H. Modell
    An exploration of the biology of meaning that integrates the role of subjective processes with current knowledge of brain/mind function.
    Paper / September 2006
    Price $20.00 | ADD TO CART
    Psychiatry in the Scientific ImagePsychiatry in the Scientific Image
    Dominic Murphy
    An analysis of the understanding, classification, and explanation of mental disorders that proposes that psychiatry adopt the best practices of the cognitive sciences.
    Cloth / July 2006
    OUT OF PRINT
    Brain FictionBrain Fiction
    Self-Deception and the Riddle of Confabulation
    William Hirstein
    The phenomenon of confabulation—the tendency to construct plausible-sounding but false answers and believe that they are true—and what it can tell us about the human mind and human nature.
    Cloth / December 2004
    OUT OF STOCK
    Imagination and Its PathologiesImagination and Its Pathologies
    Edited by James Phillips and James Morley
    Essays on the relation between the imagination and psychopathology that retrieve imagination from the margins to place it once again at the center of psychiatric discourse.
    Cloth / June 2003
    Price $48.00 | ADD TO CART
    Imagination and the Meaningful BrainImagination and the Meaningful Brain
    Arnold H. Modell
    An exploration of the biology of meaning that integrates the role of subjective processes with current knowledge of brain/mind function.
    Cloth / March 2003
    OUT OF PRINT
    When Self-Consciousness BreaksWhen Self-Consciousness Breaks
    Alien Voices and Inserted Thoughts
    G. Lynn Stephens and George Graham
    An examination of verbal hallucinations and thought insertion as examples of "alienated self-consciousness."
    Paper / March 2003
    Price $20.00 | ADD TO CART
    The Myth of PainThe Myth of Pain
    Valerie Gray Hardcastle
    Valerie Gray Hardcastle argues that both professional and lay definitions of pain are wrongheaded—with consequences for how pain and pain patients are treated, how psychological disorders are understood, and how clinicians define the mind/body relationship.
    Paper / September 2001
    Price $23.00 | ADD TO CART
    When Self-Consciousness BreaksWhen Self-Consciousness Breaks
    Alien Voices and Inserted Thoughts
    G. Lynn Stephens and George Graham
    An examination of verbal hallucinations and thought insertion as examples of "alienated self-consciousness."
    Cloth / June 2000
    Price $50.00 | ADD TO CART
    The Myth of PainThe Myth of Pain
    Valerie Gray Hardcastle
    Cloth / November 1999
    OUT OF PRINT
    Divided Minds and Successive SelvesDivided Minds and Successive Selves
    Ethical Issues in Disorders of Identity and Personality
    Jennifer Radden
    Cloth / June 1996
    Price $


    _________________________


    Psychiatry and Philosophy Review

    Psychiatry and Philosophy



    psychiatry and philosophy

    psychiatry and philosophy of science


     

    Psychiatry and Philosophy Review - Mike Nova's starred items - 4:24 PM 7/22/2012

    Psychiatry and Philosophy

    Psychiatry and Philosophy


    Psychiatry and Philosophy

    "Psychiatry and Philosophy" bundle created by Mike Nova

    Description: Review of news and publications
    A bundle is a collection of blogs and websites hand-selected by your friend on a particular topic or interest. You can keep up to date with them all in one place by subscribing in Google Reader.
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    • Psychology, Philosophy and Real Life
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    • Philosophy of Psychiatric Diagnosis - pubmed

    Open AccessHighly AccessedCommentary

    How new is the new philosophy of psychiatry?

    http://www.peh-med.com/content/2/1/22/


    Damiaan Denys
    Department of Psychiatry, AMC, University of Amsterdam, PA.2-179, PO Box 75867, 1070 AW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2007, 2:22 doi:10.1186/1747-5341-2-22

    The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.peh-med.com/content/2/1/22

    Received:8 October 2007
    Accepted:20 October 2007
    Published:20 October 2007

    © 2007 Denys; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    Abstract

    In their recent paper, Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton evaluate seven volumes of the Oxford University Press series “International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry,” an international book series begun in 2003 focusing on the emerging interdisciplinary field at the interface of philosophy and psychiatry. According to Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton, the series represents a clear indication that the interdisciplinary field of philosophy of psychiatry has been flourishing lately. Philosophers and psychiatrists face a “new philosophy of psychiatry”. However, the optimism which the “new” philosophy of psychiatry celebrates is precisely the exiling of philosophy from the foundations of psychiatry. The 150 year old belief that psychopathology cannot do without philosophical reflection has virtually disappeared from common psychiatric education and daily clinical practice. Though the discipline of psychiatry is particularly suited to contributions from philosophy, the impact of philosophy on psychiatry nowadays remains limited. With some exceptions, philosophical papers are embedded in a philosophical context inscrutable to ordinary psychiatrists. Much current philosophical work is perceived by psychiatrists as negativistic. I would encourage the field of psychiatry to incorporate once again basic philosophical attitudes which render possible true dialogue with philosophy and enrich both disciplines. The views developed here should not discredit the value and importance of Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton’s paper and the excellent series “International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry.” As Jaspers said “Everybody inclined to disregard philosophy will be overwhelmed by philosophy in an unperceived way”.

    Commentary

    In their recent paper, Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton evaluate seven volumes of the Oxford University Press series "International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry". Launched in 2003, "International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry" is an international book series focusing on the emerging interdisciplinary field at the interface of philosophy and psychiatry.
    Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton identify three broad interconnected themes in the series: the role of values in psychiatric diagnosis and treatment; the question of the place of understanding subjects' experiences, their meanings and the relationship of understanding to natural scientific explanation, and the scientific status of the 'facts' or 'evidence' that contribute towards psychiatric diagnoses. The three themes correspond with the three main parts of Tim Thornton's new book "Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry" meant to be a concise introduction to the growing field of philosophy of psychiatry. The first part, Values, outlines the debate about whether diagnosis of mental illness is essentially value-laden and argues that the prospects for reducing illness or disease to plainly factual matters are poor. The second part, Meanings, examines the central role of understanding and a shared first person perspective, both against attempts to reduce meaning to basic information-processing mechanisms and to explain away the difficulties of understanding psychopathology. The third part, Facts, shows the importance of uncodified clinical judgments, both in assessing the validity of psychiatric taxonomy and in the application of Evidence Based Medicine.
    According to Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton, the series represents a clear indication that the interdisciplinary field of philosophy of psychiatry has been flourishing lately. There has been recent growth in the philosophy of psychiatry during the past fifteen years. Philosophers and psychiatrists face a "new philosophy of psychiatry" in addition to analytic philosophy and to the broader interpretation of mental health care.
    How new is this new philosophy of psychiatry? Does the new philosophy really impact on the field of psychiatry? Should we share Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton's optimism?
    Since psychiatry has been established as a field of medicine, psychiatric literature has always been full of philosophical thought and direct reference to philosophy. "Just meditations for the philosopher who, liberated from the daily turmoil, walks through a psychiatric hospital! He will find the same ideas, the same errors, the same passions, the same ill-fated: it's the same world, but in this house, traits are more pronounced, nuances much sharper, colors more vivid, lives more shattered, because man are naked, they don't conceal their thoughts, hide their shortcomings, they don't draw on their passions to articulate charming seduction, on their vices to express deceiving appearances" [1]. The broad themes: values, meanings and facts identified by Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton in the recent series have been examined in psychiatry for many years. Bertrand Morel discusses in his "Traité des maladies mentales" (1850) the role of political and religious values in psychiatry referring to Rousseau and Locke [2]. Jaspers' project of the General Psychopathology (1913) originally aimed at examining facts and perspectives in psychiatry thereby using "meaning" from Dilthey (1900) as a methodological tool [3]. The validity of psychiatric diagnoses, the relation between scientific explanation and human understanding, and the scientific status of psychiatric facts have been studied extensively by Continental phenomenological psychiatrists. For my part, the recent themes of the new philosophy of psychiatry are just an extension or repetition of earlier work of the last centuries. There has always been a longstanding debate on truth, method and the scientific status of psychiatric knowledge, and questions about the possibility of true knowledge in psychiatry are inherent to psychiatric thinking.
    Nevertheless, I agree with Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton that something has radically changed within the field of psychiatry and philosophy during the past fifteen years. The novelty is not that philosophy has reconquered psychiatry, but that psychiatry has lost philosophy. Philosophical thinking used to be embedded in psychiatry. This was self-evident since psychiatry and philosophy share interest in the same matters – reality, freedom, personal identity, social reality, perception, free will, thought and affect. However, the belief that psychopathology cannot do without philosophical reflection, so obvious the last 150 years, has recently vanished. Reflecting, conceptual thinking, questioning, and criticizing have all virtually disappeared from common psychiatric education and daily clinical practice. Jaspers was a resident in psychiatry and not a philosopher when he wrote his "General Psychopathology." Unfortunately, the vital, basic philosophical attitude of naive astonishment towards psychiatric phenomena is no longer part of residency training. Philosophy has left the psychiatric building. It is exiled from psychiatry, externalized and sequestered in the "new" philosophy of psychiatry.
    The loss of critical philosophical thinking in psychiatry has led on one hand to the shameful conclusion that zoologists are much more accurate and subtle than psychiatrists in the observation of behavior. "The available analysis of the phenomenology of compulsive rituals pales before elegant observations of analogous behaviors in fish and birds" Thomas Insel (1988) [4]. The loss has led on the other hand to the necessity of two different disciplines both struggling to detect a fruitful crossover. I agree with Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton that the discipline of psychiatry is particularly suited to contributions from philosophy. However, the impact of philosophy on psychiatry is still limited. Though the conditions for systematic thought over the last decades have changed fundamentally – not only phenomenology is at our disposal but the philosophy of mind – they have not yet been used widely to deal with psychopathological problems. The focus in training is on scientific knowledge, such as clinical neuroscience, behavioural and social sciences. There is very little content devoted to anthropology and philosophy in relation to psychiatry [5]. The language of academic philosophy is not the language of bedside psychiatry. With some exceptions, philosophical papers are so dense, so laden with jargon, and so embedded in a philosophical context inscrutable to the ordinary psychiatrist that their message is lost. Moreover, much of current philosophical work is criticism, emphasizing the limitations of modernist thinking and rejecting its claims, and critically analyzing the conceptual foundations of academic psychiatry. The majority of the reviewed seven volumes of the Oxford University Press series "International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry" criticize present psychiatric values, meanings and facts. Coming from outside, the criticism is perceived by psychiatrists as negativistic and the deconstruction as destructive.
    In my opinion, neuroscience is currently much more successful in embracing philosophy than psychiatry. Philosophy interacts positively with neuroscience and the philosophy of neuroscience is accepted as a natural result. The emerging area of philosophy of neuroscience certainly was spurred by remarkable recent growth in the neurosciences. Cognitive neuroscience continues to encroach upon issues traditionally addressed within philosophy, including the nature of consciousness, action, knowledge, and morality. Examining the implications of neurological syndromes for the concept of a unified self as well as studying the neural systems underlying appraisal and its relevance to the self is one example [6]. Other examples (among many) include: The concept of neurophenomenology, introduced by Francesco Varela into neuroscience, in which observers examine their conscious experience using scientifically verifiable methods [7]. The use of deep brain electrical stimulation to modulate behavioral responsiveness in a patient who remains in a minimal conscious state (thereby offering a new tool to comprehend consciousness) [8]. Another topic examines threatened morality and physical cleansing, or the neural constituents of moral cognition [9]. Or the investigation of subjective certainty and its relationship to dopamine alterations in the striatum [10].
    In closing, I agree that we live in interesting philosophical times in which there is potential for a fruitful crossover between the disciplines of philosophy and psychiatry. However, I disagree that there needs be a "new" cross-over between philosophy and psychiatry as regards values, meaning and facts. These three themes must necessarily be – as they have historically been – intrinsic to psychiatric thinking, as their "self evidence" has shaped psychiatry as a distinctive medical science. I would encourage the field of psychiatry to incorporate once again basic philosophical attitudes which render possible true dialogue with philosophy and consequently enrich both disciplines. At the moment, for most practicing psychiatrists, philosophy is a bridge too far.
    The views that I develop here should not discredit the value and importance of Natalie Banner and Tim Thornton's paper and the excellent series "International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry." I hope that my comments that were inspired by their thoughtful paper may help emphasize the importance of philosophical reflection within psychiatry. As Jaspers said "Everybody inclined to disregard philosophy will be overwhelmed by philosophy in an unperceived way".

    Competing interests

    The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

    References

    1. Esquirol J D.,E.: Des maladies mentales considerées sous les rapports médical, hygiénique et médico-legal. Volume 2 vols. Paris, Ballière; 1838.
    2. Morel BA: Traite des maladies mentales. Paris, Masson; 1850.
    3. Jaspers K: Allgemeine Psychoptahologie. Berlin, Springer; 1913.
    4. Insel TR: Obsessive-compulsive disorder: a neuroethological perspective.
      Psychopharmacol Bull 1988, 24:365-369. PubMed Abstract OpenURL
    5. Fulford KW, Stanghellini G, Broome M: What can philosophy do for psychiatry?
      World Psychiatry 2004, 3:130-135. PubMed Abstract | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL
    6. Schmitz TW, Johnson SC: Relevance to self: A brief review and framework of neural systems underlying appraisal.
      Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2007, 31:585-596. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL
    7. Rudrauf D, Lutz A, Cosmelli D, Lachaux JP, Le Van QM: From autopoiesis to neurophenomenology: Francisco Varela's exploration of the biophysics of being.
      Biol Res 2003, 36:27-65. PubMed Abstract OpenURL
    8. Schiff ND, Giacino JT, Kalmar K, Victor JD, Baker K, Gerber M, Fritz B, Eisenberg B, O'Connor J, Kobylarz EJ, Farris S, Machado A, McCagg C, Plum F, Fins JJ, Rezai AR: Behavioural improvements with thalamic stimulation after severe traumatic brain injury.
      Nature 2007, 448:600-603. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL
    9. Casebeer WD: Moral cognition and its neural constituents.
      Nat Rev Neurosci 2003, 4:840-846. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL
    10. Fiorillo CD, Tobler PN, Schultz W: Discrete coding of reward probability and uncertainty by dopamine neurons.
      Science 2003, 299:1898-1902. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

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    Exploring the Reasoning that the United States Holds the Highest Prison Rate

    12:25 AMElizabeth HallNo comments

    Introduction
    Prison 2
    Prison 2 (Photo credit: planetschwa)
    Since 1980, there has been a huge growth in the incarcerated population in the United
    States according to Seiter (2008). There are several legal issues, which have directly contributed if not caused entirely the explosion of people doing time in correctional facilities in this country. Besides the mindset that confinement is the most effective means of dealing with crime, it seems that the decision in Rhodes v. Chapman by the United States Supreme Court in 1981 was the beginning of this problem. The decision, which stated it was not unconstitutional to house prisoners in housing that is overcrowded, gave the green light to this issue.
    ______________________________________


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    Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry is a concise introduction to the growing field of philosophy of psychiatry. Divided into three main aspects of psychiatric clinical judgement, values, meanings and facts, it examines the key debates about mental health care, and the philosophical ideas and tools needed to assess those debates, in six chapters.

    In addition to outlining the state of play, Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry presents a coherent and unified approach across the different debates, characterized by a rejection of reductionism and an emphasis on the ineliminability of uncodified skilled judgement.

    The first part, Values, outlines the debate about whether diagnosis of mental illness is essentially value-laden and argues that the prospects for reducing illness or disease to plainly factual matters are poor. It also explains the important role of skilled contextual judgement, rather than a principles-based deduction, in ethical judgement.

    The second part, Meanings, examines the central role of understanding and a shared first person perspective, both against attempts to reduce meaning to basic information-processing mechanisms and to explain away the difficulties of understanding psychopathology in recent models of delusion.

    The third part, Facts, shows the importance of uncodified clinical judgements, both in assessing the validity of psychiatric taxonomy and in the application of Evidence Based Medicine. Despite advances in the codifaction of practice and operationalism of diagnosis, an element of judgement remains in the assessment both of what, at one level, is good evidence for diagnosis and treatment and what, at a higher level, is good evidence for the validity of classification overall.

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    The Spiritual Gift of Madness: The Failure of Psychiatry and the Rise of the Mad Pride Movement
    by Seth Farber (Foreword by Kate Millett).
    Seth Farber recently announced his new book The Spiritual Gift of Madness is scheduled for release by May 1, 2012. It is the only book that discusses the development of the Mad Pride movement and includes interviews with David Oaks and Dr Peter Stastny.
    The Spiritual Gift of Madness is listed at the ISEPP Amazon Bookstore, click here to visit.
    An articulate, informed, and lucid exploration of the nature of madness, the Mad Pride movement, and ultimately what it is like to be deemed “mad” by society. Seth Farber’s extensive interviews with leaders of the Mad Pride movement are particularly engaging and memorable. ~ Robert Whitaker, Anatomy of an Epidemic:Magic Bullets, Psychiatric Drugs, and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America
    Seth Farber has dedicated his decades of professional life to not merely destigmatizing “mental illness,” but to giving us an all-inclusive, spiritual perspective on the evolution of consciousness that will, hopefully, end the iatrogenic suffering caused to so many in “the doctor’s (iatro’s) efforts to heal.” The existence of this book is, in itself, uplifting; its many cogent insights will surely inspire similarly dedicated readers to further this great humanitarian work. ~ Stuart Sovatsky, PhD, Words from the Soul: Time, East/West Spirituality, and Psychotherapeutic Narrative


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    "Esssential Philosophy of Psychiatry (International Perspectives in Philosophy and Psychiatry)" Overview

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    In addition to outlining the state of play, Essential Philosophy of Psychiatry presents a coherent and unified approach across the different debates, characterized by a rejection of reductionism and an emphasis on the ineliminability of uncodified skilled judgement.

    The first part, Values, outlines the debate about whether diagnosis of mental illness is essentially value-laden and argues that the prospects for reducing illness or disease to plainly factual matters are poor. It also explains the important role of skilled contextual judgement, rather than a principles-based deduction, in ethical judgement.

    The second part, Meanings, examines the central role of understanding and a shared first person perspective, both against attempts to reduce meaning to basic information-processing mechanisms and to explain away the difficulties of understanding psychopathology in recent models of delusion.

    The third part, Facts, shows the importance of uncodified clinical judgements, both in assessing the validity of psychiatric taxonomy and in the application of Evidence Based Medicine. Despite advances in the codifaction of practice and operationalism of diagnosis, an element of judgement remains in the assessment both of what, at one level, is good evidence for diagnosis and treatment and what, at a higher level, is good evidence for the validity of classification overall.

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    Rachel Cooper, "Psychiatry and Philosophy of Science"McG..l-Qu...'s Uni...s..y Pr..s | 3119-13 | ISBN: 1993633999 | 399 pages | PDF | 3,6 MBThrough an examination of these topics Cooper shows that psychiatry is similar ...

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    Rachel Cooper's recent book Psychiatry and Philosophy of Science is a laudable exception. Her discussions should be of great interest to both psychiatrists, philosophers of psychiatry and other philosophers of science.

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    Philosophy of Science for Psychiatry for the Person. I've been asked to draft a short piece for the WPA on philosophy of science for a book on their Program on Psychiatry for the Person. Here is my first stab. (PS May 2011: The ...