Saturday, June 15, 2013

The past, present and future of psychiatric diagnosis - World Psychiatry: Official Journal Of The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) | ResearchGate

The past, present and future of psychiatric diagnosis.
Saturday June 15th, 2013 at 6:16 PM

World Psychiatry: Official Journal Of The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) | ResearchGate
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  • The past, present and future of psychiatric diagnosis.
    Allen Frances
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):111-2.
  • From too much and too little towards stratified psychiatry and pathophysiology.
    Francisco Xavier Castellanos
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):130-1.
  • Early childhood sexual abuse increases suicidal intent.
    Jorge Lopez-Castroman, Nadine Melhem, Boris Birmaher, Laurence Greenhill, David Kolko, Barbara Stanley, Jamie Zelazny, Beth Brodsky, Rebeca Garcia-Nieto, Ainsley K Burke, J John Mann, David A Brent, Maria A Oquendo
    Childhood sexual abuse has been consistently associated with suicidal behavior. We studied suicide attempt features in depressed individuals sexually abused as children. On average, sexual abuse started before age 9. It frequently coexisted with physical abuse. Suicide attempters more often had personality disorders and had endured abuse for longer, but did not differ in terms of other clinical characteristics from non-attempters. Earlier onset of sexual abuse and its duration were associated with more suicide attempts. However, when personality disorders were included in the regression model, only these disorders predicted number of attempts. The severity of sexual abuse and the coexistence of physical abuse were correlated with age at first suicide attempt. However, only severity of sexual abuse was marginally associated with age at first suicide attempt in the regression model. Finally, the earlier the age of onset of sexual abuse, the higher the intent, even after controlling for age, sex and personality disorders. This suggests that the characteristics of childhood sexual abuse, especially age of onset, should be considered when studying the risk for suicidal behavior in abused populations.
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):149-54.
  • Understanding Breivik and Sandy Hook: sin and sickness?
    Patrick W Corrigan
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):174-5.
  • Pediatric psychopharmacology: too much or too little?
    Judith L Rapoport
    This paper provides a selective overview of the past, present and future of pediatric psychopharmacology. The acceptance of medication use in child psychiatry was based on the results of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials documenting the efficacy of drug treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, enuresis, depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder and psychoses. This period of success was followed by a series of challenges, including a growing awareness of the long-term adverse effects of medications and of the inadequacy of long-term drug surveillance. There is great concern today that children are being overtreated with medication, especially in the US. Further advances in pediatric psychopharmacology may come from examination of large medical data sets including both pharmacological and psychiatric information, which could lead to drug repurposing, as well as from preclinical translational studies such as those using human induced pluripotent stem cells.
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):118-23.
  • Pediatric psychopharmacology: Too much and too little.
    Eric Taylor
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):124-5.
  • What's next for developmental psychiatry?
    James F Leckman
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):125-6.
  • Prescribing of psychotropic medications to children and adolescents: quo vadis?
    Christoph U Correll, Tobias Gerhard, Mark Olfson
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):127-8.
  • Child psychopharmacology: how much have we progressed?
    Sandeep Grover, Natasha Kate
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):133-4.
  • The efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in treating depressive and anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis of direct comparisons.
    Pim Cuijpers, Marit Sijbrandij, Sander L Koole, Gerhard Andersson, Aartjan T Beekman, Charles F Reynolds
    Although psychotherapy and antidepressant medication are efficacious in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders, it is not known whether they are equally efficacious for all types of disorders, and whether all types of psychotherapy and antidepressants are equally efficacious for each disorder. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies in which psychotherapy and antidepressant medication were directly compared in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders. Systematic searches in bibliographical databases resulted in 67 randomized trials, including 5,993 patients that met inclusion criteria, 40 studies focusing on depressive disorders and 27 focusing on anxiety disorders. The overall effect size indicating the difference between psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy after treatment in all disorders was g=0.02 (95% CI: -0.07 to 0.10), which was not statistically significant. Pharmacotherapy was significantly more efficacious than psychotherapy in dysthymia (g=0.30), and psychotherapy was significantly more efficacious than pharmacotherapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder (g=0.64). Furthermore, pharmacotherapy was significantly more efficacious than non-directive counseling (g=0.33), and psychotherapy was significantly more efficacious than pharmacotherapy with tricyclic antidepressants (g=0.21). These results remained significant when we controlled for other characteristics of the studies in multivariate meta-regression analysis, except for the differential effects in dysthymia, which were no longer statistically significant.
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):137-48.
  • "Clinical judgment" and the DSM-5 diagnosis of major depression.
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):89-91.
  • The DSM-5: Classification and criteria changes.
    Darrel A Regier, Emily A Kuhl, David J Kupfer
    The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) marks the first significant revision of the publication since the DSM-IV in 1994. Changes to the DSM were largely informed by advancements in neuroscience, clinical and public health need, and identified problems with the classification system and criteria put forth in the DSM-IV. Much of the decision-making was also driven by a desire to ensure better alignment with the International Classification of Diseases and its upcoming 11th edition (ICD-11). In this paper, we describe select revisions in the DSM-5, with an emphasis on changes projected to have the greatest clinical impact and those that demonstrate efforts to enhance international compatibility, including integration of cultural context with diagnostic criteria and changes that facilitate DSM-ICD harmonization. It is anticipated that this collaborative spirit between the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) will continue as the DSM-5 is updated further, bringing the field of psychiatry even closer to a singular, cohesive nosology.
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):92-8.
  • Child neuropsychopharmacology: good news… the glass is half full.
    Celso Arango
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):128-9.
  • Do we face the same dilemma on pediatric psychopharmacology in low and middle income countries?
    Luis Augusto Rohde
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):132-3.
  • Psychopharmacological treatments in children and adolescents. Adequate use or abuse?
    Helmut Remschmidt
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):135-6.
  • Mental health and psychosocial support interventions for survivors of sexual and gender-based violence during armed conflict: a systematic review.
    Wietse A Tol, Vivi Stavrou, M Claire Greene, Christina Mergenthaler, Claudia Garcia-Moreno, Mark van Ommeren
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):179-80.
  • Future perspectives on the treatment of cognitive deficits and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
    Donald C Goff
    [show abstract][hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Drug discovery based on classic models for cognitive impairment and negative symptoms of schizophrenia have met with only modest success. Because cognitive impairment and negative symptoms may result from disruptions in neurodevelopment, more complex developmental models that integrate environmental and genetic risk factors are needed. In addition, it has become clear that biochemical pathways involved in schizophrenia form complex, interconnected networks. Points at which risk factors converge, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and protein kinase B (AKT), and from which processes involved in neuroplasticity diverge, are of particular interest for pharmacologic interventions. This paper reviews elements of neurodevelopmental models for cognitive deficits and negative symptoms of schizophrenia with the aim of identifying potential targets for interventions.
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):99-107.
  • Cognitive and social factors influencing clinical judgment in psychiatric practice.
    Howard N Garb
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):108-10.
  • Article:Beyond DSM and ICD: introducing "precision diagnosis" for psychiatry using momentary assessment technology.
    Jim van Os, Philippe Delespaul, Johanna Wigman, Inez Myin-Germeys, Marieke Wichers
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):113-7.
  • Article:A European perspective on paedo-psychiatric pharmacoepidemiology.
    Hans-Christoph Steinhausen
    World psychiatry: official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) 06/2013; 12(2):131-2.

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The International Study on Career Choice in Psychiatry: A preliminary
Saturday June 15th, 2013 at 6:16 PM

World Psychiatry: Official Journal Of The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) | ResearchGate
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