Monday, May 7, 2012

Cognitive Aspects of Delusional Disorders

Cognitive Aspects of Delusional Disorders

Selected Articles

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via Cognitive Aspects of Delusional Disorders - Google Blog Search by Mike Nova on 4/30/12
Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorder: DDs can best be seen as extreme variations of cognitive mechanisms involved in rapid threat detection and defensive harm avoidance. From this viewpoint, the two models ...

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"Delusions are... now conceptualized as dimensional entities rather than categorical ones, lying at the extreme end of a "belief continuum"... A truly comprehensive model of the persecutory delusion requires further elucidation at the neurochemical and genetic levels." - PsychiatryOnline | American Journal of Psychiatry | Cognitive Neuropsychiatric Models of Persecutory Delusions

"Delusions are... now conceptualized as dimensional entities rather than categorical ones, lying at the extreme end of a "belief continuum"...
A truly comprehensive model of the persecutory delusion requires further elucidation at the neurochemical and genetic levels.
Finally, genetic studies, in the absence of a definitively linked genomic region of, for example, schizophrenia R1584BABBEHIC, currently are being designed to reduce genetic heterogeneity at the entry point of proband ascertainment. Thus, dimensional variables (e.g., delusional ideation, social cognitive skills) or symptom clusters (e.g., reality distortion) become intermediate phenotypes worthy of study (for preliminary examples of this approach, see references R1584BABJIDCA–R1584BABEFBIB). If the relevant social cognitive mechanisms can be reliably characterized and shown to be heritable, this approach could lead to more definitive linkage results and to the elucidation of the genetic background of the illnesses in which persecutory delusions arise."

PsychiatryOnline | American Journal of Psychiatry | Cognitive Neuropsychiatric Models of Persecutory Delusions

The American Journal of Psychiatry, VOL. 158, No. 4

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via Cognitive Aspects of Delusional Disorders - Google Blog Search by Mike Nova on 4/26/12
Cognitive Aspects of Normal and Delusional Belief Formations ... Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorder. via pubmed: belief formation del... by Abdel-Hamid M, Brüne M on 4/26/12 ...

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Nervenarzt. 2007 Jul;78(7):796-801.

[Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorders. Characteristic attributional style or cognitive deficit?].

[Article in German]
Bömmer I, Brüne M.

Source

Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Westfälisches Zentrum Bochum, 44791 Bochum.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

"Pure" delusional disorders are clinically rare, and the neuropsychology of such disorders is poorly understood. Whereas "deficit" models suggest a cognitive impairment accounting for the incorrigible fixation of false beliefs, cognitive models propose the existence of a characteristic attributional style in patients to stabilise a fragile self.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

The cognitive flexibility and attributional style of 21 patients diagnosed with delusional disorder according to ICD-10 were compared with a group of healthy controls paralleled for age, sex, education, and intelligence.

RESULTS:

Patients with delusional disorders made more errors and more perseverative errors in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test compared with controls. However, these differences were only significant in patients with a comorbid depression. In contrast to earlier studies, patients with delusional disorders did not attribute negative events to external or personal causes more often than healthy controls, but partly tended to show a depressive attributional style.

CONCLUSION:

Our results do not support either a cognitive deficit in patients with delusional disorders or a characteristic attributional style. In terms of treatment recommendations, a thorough diagnosis of comorbid depressive disorders in patients with delusional disorders is warranted.
PMID:
17123122
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Beyond alcoholism: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in patients with psychiatric disorders.

from pubmed: cognitive aspects of... by McCormick LM, Buchanan JR, Onwuameze OE, Pierson RK, Paradiso S
Beyond alcoholism: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Cogn Behav Neurol. 2011 Dec;24(4):209-16
Authors: McCormick LM, Buchanan JR, Onwuameze OE, Pierson RK, Paradiso S
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome (the combined disorder is named Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome [WKS]) are preventable, life-threatening neuropsychiatric syndromes resulting from thiamine deficiency. WKS has historically been associated with alcoholism; more recently, it has been recognized in patients who have anorexia nervosa or have undergone bariatric surgery for obesity. However, patients with nutritional deficiencies of any origin are at risk for WKS. We present clinical histories and neuroimaging data on 2 young adults with underlying psychiatric disorders who became malnourished and developed WKS.
METHODS: A young woman with bipolar disorder and somatization disorder was hospitalized for intractable vomiting. A young man with chronic paranoid schizophrenia developed delusions that food and water were harmful, and was hospitalized after subsisting for 4 months on soda pop.
RESULTS: Acute, life-threatening Wernicke encephalopathy was confirmed in both patients by brain magnetic resonance imaging showing classic thalamic injury. The patients were left with persistent cognitive and physical disabilities that were consistent with Korsakoff syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Failure to suspect a vitamin deficiency led to permanent cognitive and physical disabilities that may necessitate lifelong care for these patients. The neuropsychiatric consequences could have been prevented by prompt recognition of their thiamine deficiency.
PMID: 22134191 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Sante Ment Que. 2001;26(2):179-202.

[Cognitive aspects and treatment of delusional disorders.].

[Article in French]
O'Connor KP, Stip E, Robillard S.

Abstract

This article reviews the cognitive phenomenology of delusional disorders (DD) and examines the current cognitive models. Some case studies have shown considerable promise concerning the utilisation of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of DD, even if this approach is in its infancy. Although the stages of CBT to treat DD are very similar to that of other psychotic disorders, there are also considerable differences. However, it is essential to combine several strategies in order to modify inferences specific to DD. The clinical evaluation of delusions as well as the application of CBT as a treatment is illustrated in two cases with a diagnosis of DD with persecutory subtype. The cases required different time periods for different stages of CBT and highlight the importance of tailoring CBT according to need.
PMID:
18253611
[PubMed - in process]
Free full text

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A cognitive model of persecutory delusions

[PDF] from unige.ch
D Freeman, PA Garety, E Kuipers… - British Journal of …, 2002 - Wiley Online Library
... Overall, then, targeting aspects of the content of a delusion may lead to emotional changes ... Such
a process may socialize the person into the cognitive approach and lead to ... Individuals' appraisals
of their delusional beliefs and associated experiences may have led to emotional ...
Cited by 238 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 12 versions

A cognitive model of persecutory delusions

  1. Daniel Freeman1,*,
  2. Philippa A. Garety1,2,
  3. Elizabeth Kuipers1,
  4. David Fowler3,
  5. Paul E. Bebbington4
Article first published online: 24 DEC 2010
DOI: 10.1348/014466502760387461
Issue
British Journal of Clinical Psychology

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Volume 41, Issue 4, pages 331–347, November 2002

A multifactorial model of the formation and maintenance of persecutory delusions is presented. Persecutory delusions are conceptualized as threat beliefs. The beliefs are hypothesized to arise from a search for meaning for internal or external experiences that are unusual, anomalous, or emotionally significant for the individual. The persecutory explanations formed reflect an interaction between psychotic processes, pre-existing beliefs and personality (particularly emotion), and the environment. It is proposed that the delusions are maintained by processes that lead to the receipt of confirmatory evidence and processes that prevent the processing of disconfirmatory evidence. Novel features of the model include the (non-defended) direct roles given to emotion in delusion formation, the detailed consideration of both the content and form of delusions, and the hypotheses concerning the associated emotional distress. The clinical and research implications of the model are outlined.
Get PDF (237K)
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Religion & Brain: Belief Decreases With Analytical Thinking, Study Shows

Daily Mail
  1. Religion & Brain: Belief Decreases With Analytical Thinking, Study Shows

    Huffington Post‎ - 2 days ago
    Many people with religious convictions feel that their faith is rock solid. But a new study finds that prompting people to engage in analytical ...
  1. Discovery News‎ - 3 days ago

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The development of a cognitive model of schizophrenia: placing it in context.
Hemsley DR.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2005;29(6):977-88. Review.
PMID:
15964074
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related citations

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Cognitive Aspects of Delusional Disorders - Google Search



Scholarly articles for Cognitive Aspects of Delusional Disorders

Psychologic aspects of acne - Koo - Cited by 110

Search Results

  1. [Cognitive aspects and treatment of delusional disorders.].

    www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18253611
    by KP O'Connor - 2001[Cognitive aspects and treatment of delusional disorders.]. [Article in French]. O'Connor KP, Stip E, Robillard S. This article reviews the cognitive phenomenology ...

  2. [Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorders. Characteristic ...

    www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17123122
    by I Bömmer - 2007 - Cited by 1 - Related articles
    [Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorders. Characteristic attributional style or cognitive deficit?]. [Article in German]. Bömmer I, Brüne M. Psychiatrie ...

  3. Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorder.

    www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18652791
    by M Abdel-Hamid - 2008 - Cited by 4 - Related articles
    Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorder. ... Two partially opposing models--a cognitive bias model and a cognitive deficit model--have received mixed ...

  4. Cognitive Processes in Delusional Disorders

    bjp.rcpsych.org/content/168/1/61.full.pdf
    by C Fear - 1996 - Cited by 164 - Related articles
    British Journal of Psychiatry (1996), 168, 61-67. Cognitive Processes in Delusional Disorders. CHRISTOPHERFEAR,HELENSHARPand DAViD HEALY ...
  5. [PDF]

    NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DELUSIONAL DISORDER

    hrcak.srce.hr/file/62215
    File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
    by I Leposavić - 2009 - Cited by 1 - Related articles
    each one estimates certain aspect of cognitive function, by investigating the relationship between the delusional disorder and the outcomes of the test including ...

  6. Delusional disorder - define, causes, DSM, functioning, effects ...

    www.minddisorders.com › Br-DelCached - Similar
    15 Aug 2007 – An important aspect of delusional disorder is the identification of the ... The most prominent cognitive problems involve the manner in which ...

  7. Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorder

    forpn.blogspot.com/2012/04/neuropsychological-aspects-of.htmlCached
    5 days ago – Neuropsychological aspects of delusional disorder are poorly understood |Cognitive neuropsychiatry is a new field of cognitive psychology ...

  8. Neural Networks and Psychopathology: Connectionist Models in ... - Google Books Result

    books.google.com/books?isbn=0521571634...Dan J. Stein, Jacques Ludik - 1998 - Computers - 371 pages
    a brief review of the literature on cognitive aspects of delusional thinking a presentation of ... LK, a 40-year-old Caucasian male with delusional disorder.

  9. Delusional Disorder | Psychology Today

    www.psychologytoday.com/conditions/delusional-disorderCached - Similar
    Definition of Delusional Disorder: Delusional disorder refers to a condition associated with ... Weiden P. Cognitive-behaviour therapy for schizophrenia: a review.

  10. Mental Health: Delusional Disorder

    www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/guide/delusional-disorderCached - Similar
    Learn more about delusional disorder from the experts at WebMD. ... Articles: Schizophrenia Symptoms, Symptoms of Schizophrenia, Cognitive Symptoms of ...

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Cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder: a therapist's guide to concepts, methods and practice

[PDF] from rcpsych.org
J Scott - The British Journal of Psychiatry, 2000 - RCP
... Thus, a case of AIDS hypochondriasis is delusional dis- order, somatic type, but a superficially
similar case where there is a ... is not the fault of the authors, as we currently lack a clear theoretical
model for under- standing all the cognitive and behavioural aspects of bipolar ...
Cited by 154 - Related articles - All 5 versions

A cognitive model of persecutory delusions

[PDF] from unige.ch
D Freeman, PA Garety, E Kuipers… - British Journal of …, 2002 - Wiley Online Library
... Overall, then, targeting aspects of the content of a delusion may lead to emotional changes ... Such
a process may socialize the person into the cognitive approach and lead to ... Individuals' appraisals
of their delusional beliefs and associated experiences may have led to emotional ...
Cited by 238 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 12 versions

Psychologic aspects of acne

JYM Koo… - Pediatric dermatology, 1991 - Wiley Online Library
... Koo and Smith: Psychologic Aspects of Acne 187 ... Other therapeutic approaches to OCD include
cognitive therapy and behavioral modification (26). ... monosymptomatic hypochondriacal psychosis
is used to describe this and other forms of fixed so- matic delusional disorders (23 ...
Cited by 110 - Related articles - All 5 versions

[HTML] Cognitive neuropsychiatric models of persecutory delusions

[HTML] from psychiatryonline.org
NJ Blackwood, RJ Howard… - American Journal of …, 2001 - Am Psychiatric Assoc
0.
Cited by 191 - Related articles - Cached - BL Direct - All 15 versions

Cognitive therapy of delusional beliefs

BA Alford… - Behaviour Research and Therapy, 1994 - Elsevier
... therapy and other adjunctive treatments in the clinical management of delusional beliefs ... social
interpersonal interventions all play a role in the treatment of these complex disorders. ... cognitive
therapy to enhance compliancein addition to focusing on the cognitive aspects of social ...
Cited by 75 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions

Comments on the content of persecutory delusions: Does the definition need clarification?

[PDF] from dmu.ac.uk
D Freeman… - British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2000 - Wiley Online Library
... is hoped that the use of such criteria would not forestall either investigations of the relevance
at the cognitive level of ... It is of note that studies of persecutory delusions have rarely provided
details of participant recruitment, important dimensional aspects of delusional beliefs (eg ...
Cited by 98 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions

Body dysmorphic disorder: a cognitive behavioural model and pilot randomised controlled trial

[PDF] from uwindsor.ca
D Veale, K Gournay, W Dryden, A Boocock… - … Research and Therapy, 1996 - Elsevier
... Certainly most BDD patients are preoccupied with aspects of their face or skin (Veale et al ... A
cognitive behavior model of BDD In common with other cognitive behavioural theories, it is ...
proportion of patients in any of the studies also had a comorbid delusional disorder or major ...
Cited by 194 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions

Obsessions, overvalued ideas, and delusions in obsessive-compulsive disorder

MJ Kozak… - Behaviour Research and Therapy, 1994 - Elsevier
... Some studies of obsessivecompulsives have measured multiple aspects of beliefs (eg Basoglu
et al ... can be advanced by knowledge of the formation and maintenance of delusional beliefs found
in ... Thus, the cognitive process involved in developing delusions is seen not to differ ...
Cited by 185 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 7 versions

Cognitive-behavioral body image therapy for body dysmorphic disorder.

[PDF] from plattsburgh.edu
JC Rosen, J Reiter… - Journal of Consulting and Clinical …, 1995 - psycnet.apa.org
... The experimental design controlled for treatment but not for attention and nonspecific aspects
of therapy. ... Cognitive-behavioral treatment of women's body-image dissatisfaction. ...
Dysmorphophobia: Body dysmorphic disorder of delusional disorder, somatic subtype? ...
Cited by 220 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 13 versions

Delusions: a cognitive perspective

AT Beck… - Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 2002 - ingentaconnect.com
... The same dimensions of the beliefs observed in these disorders can be applied to delusions. ...
Depressives, in contrast, (unless they are delusional) are able to rec- ognize flaws in their ... A
discussion of the nature of these cognitive aspects and their specific role in the formation of ...
Cited by 46 - Related articles - BL Direct

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